Prostatitis: symptoms, treatment

Prostatitis is an inflammatory disease of the male prostate gland located directly under the bladder and is a secondary part of the genitals.

Every 7 man over 35 suffers from prostatitis and at the naked risk of developing an inflammatory process in the prostate increases under the influence of external and internal factors.

Reasons

Inflammation of the prostate gland can develop for several reasons, doctors distinguish the main one:

1. In violation of blood microcirculation in the pelvic organs - this leads to stagnant processes and helps to increase the prostate gland. Stagnated processes are facilitated by the obesity and conduct of a sedentary sedentary lifestyle.
2. The entry of bacteria, viruses or protozoa in the tissue against the bottom of an acute or chronic inflammatory process in other organs flowing into the body - diseases such as angina, gonorrhea, urethritis, cystitis, flu, pyelonephritis can cause prostatitis. Infection -causing agents may enter the prostate with blood flow and lymphatic if there is an infection in remote areas and organs.
3. The injuries and bruises of the soft tissues of the abdomen, peineum and external genitalia - this leads to edema and impaired blood circulation in the damage zone;
4. Hypothermia of the body.
5. Chronic constipation.
6. Hormonal disorders.
7. Stormy or, conversely, absent sex life is harmful, both frequent sex (more than 1 time a day) and rare intimate relationships (less often 1 time a week), as this leads to the exhaustion of the sexual glands or stagnation in the prostate.

Prostatitis symptoms

Distinguish between acute and chronic form of the disease.

Acute prostatitis is characterized by a sudden start against the bottom of the overall well, which is clinically accompanied by the following symptoms:

• chills and weakness;
• Evil -Go -overall;
• greater irritability and nervousness;
• Increased body temperature (not exceeding 37, 5 degrees);
• pulling or cutting pain in the lower abdomen and perineum;
• frequent desire to urinate, preserving the feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder;
• The pain and difficulties of the river with the intestinal movements.

In the absence of diagnosis and timely treatment, acute prostatitis can be complicated by a purulent process and the release of pus of the urethra during urination.

Signs of chronic prostatitis

In the transition from the disease to a chronic form of the course, clinical signs of prostatitis decrease and the patient seems to be a recovery. The characteristics characteristics of the chronic inflammatory process in the prostate gland are burning along the urethra with irradiation for the groin, which can be improved during urination and defecation. Gradually, the disease progresses and causes impotence. Chronic prostatitis implies periods of remission and exacerbation, but even in times of exacerbation, symptoms will be erased, not as pronounced as acute form. The following symptoms appear clinically:

• difficulties with an erection;
• the inability to complete sexual intercourse with ejaculation;
• decreased sexual desire;
• excretion of the mucus urethra with a mixture of white flakes;
• a feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder;
• pulling pain in the lower back, pubis and groin;
• A weak urine flow - this is observed as a result of the narrowing of the urethra lumen against the bottom of its compression of an increased prostate.

The chronic slow inflammatory process in the urethra is annoying for the nerve endings of the pelvis and causes constant urination, especially at night. Many men are ashamed to consult a doctor with such a delicate problem, which increases the risk of developing serious complications such as complete erectile dysfunction, infertility and even prostate cancer.

In addition, from the focus of a chronic infection in a prostate with blood flow and lymphs, pathogens enter the kidneys, causing acute inflammation, urinary retention and increases the risk of renal failure.

The constant accumulation of the urine in the bladder and urethra creates favorable conditions for the formation of salts and then stones - often prostatitis in men continues parallel with urolithiasis.

Diagnostic methods

Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of prostatitis is performed by a medical urologist. To make a diagnosis, determine the form and cause of the inflammatory process in the prostate gland, several tests are prescribed:

• Palpation of the prostate - is performed through the rectum and allows you to detect an increase in size, pain, release of pus or mucus after palpation;
• Small urethra discharge - the resulting material is sent to study to the laboratory;
• Urine analysis is general, etc. ;
• Ultrasound of the pelvic organs and prostate gland.

If the pathological process is suspected of spreading the pathological process for the patient, the patient will be performed additionally by cystoscopy - examination of the bladder walls using a flexible device equipped with an optical system at the end.

In the diagnosis of prostatitis, it is very important to differentiate the pathological process from prostate adenoma and other urological diseases with a similar clinical course.

Treatment

Treatment of the acute and chronic prostatitis shape differs, so patients are strongly recommended not to self -assemble.

Non -bacterial form of prostatitis is comprehensively treated using plant -based preparations and anti -inflammatory drugs.

Treatment of acute bacterial prostatitis

The principles of therapy for the acute form of bacterial prostatitis depend directly on how pronounced the symptoms of the disease.

A distinct feature of bacterial prostatitis is the acute beginning and the growing signs of body intoxication - nausea, vomiting, headache and high body temperature. The process of emptying the bladder is accompanied by cutting pain in the lower abdomen and perineum, which are given to the lower back. Often the purulent process unites and the abscess develops.

The treatment of acute bacterial prostatitis is performed in a hospital because the patient's condition can be extremely severe. Therapy consists of the complex approach:

• The patient should observe rest in the bed;
• Antibiotics are prescribed - macrolides, fluoroquinolons, cephalosporins;
• Preparations that improve blood microcirculation in the pelvic organs are selected. They provide the output of lymphatic and venous blood, which reduces the severity of edema and the inflammatory process in the prostate;
• Inside orally, medicines from a group of non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs are shown. These medications not only reduce the inflammatory process, but also eliminate pain syndrome;
• Painkillers - You can carry compresses inside or introduce rectal candles into the rectum;
• To eliminate body intoxication, a physiological solution of sodium with glucose is prescribed intravenously.

Important! Prostate massage is strictly prohibited as the risk of sepsis is high.

Surgical treatment

Surgical intervention for prostatitis is necessary only if the patient develops a sharp delay in the urine and there is no emptying the bladder. You cannot be without surgery and in case of prostate abscess.

The course of treatment of prostatitis lasts 14 days, after which the patient again performs a comprehensive examination to evaluate the effectiveness of therapy. If necessary, the course of treatment is extended and adjusted.

Chronic treatment

The treatment of chronic prostatitis differs and depends in much of the stage of the course the pathological process. In case of exacerbation of the inflammatory process, therapy is performed similarly, as in acute prostatitis.

The treatment of chronic prostatitis during remission is as follows:

1. Ingestion of non -esteroid anti -inflammatory drugs. Present medications 2 times a day of at least 3 days, sometimes up to 5 days.
2. Preparations that contribute to the improvement of venous and lymphatic flow.
3. Immunomodulators.
4. Antidepressants and sedatives help normalize sleep, eliminate irritability.
5. Complexes of zinc, selenium -rich politicians, Vitamins of Group V.

In the phase of remission of the inflammatory prostate process, the patient is shown by physical therapy treatment:

• prostate massage;
• Ultrasound;
• electrophoresis;
• Magnetotherapy;
• Microwave hyperthermia.

Surgical treatment of chronic prostatitis

With neglected chronic prostatitis, the patient sometimes needs surgery. Can be performed in two ways:

• Transureral resection;
• prostatectomy.

Transuretral resection

This method of surgical treatment refers to minimally invasive interventions, although it is performed under general anesthesia. During the procedure, a resecoscope is introduced under the urethra, through which the electric current pulses are supplied. These electrical impulses act on the principle of electric noise and partially remove the tissue from the prostate gland. A huge advantage of this method of intervention is the lack of blood loss, as electric waves not only remove modified prostate tissues, but also immediately treat blood vessels, preventing bleeding.

Transureral resection significantly facilitates the patient's condition - after surgery, urination is restored, man no longer burns in the groin, he does not jump in the bathroom at night. Erectile function and normal ejaculation are also restored. The entire operation process is controlled by a doctor on the monitor screen; Therefore, the risk of complications during operations or immediately after minimum.

Prostatectomy

Prostatectomy is a severe abdominal operation and is always associated with risks to the patient. During operation, the doctor completely removes the prostate or most of it. The recovery period is 4-6 weeks, there is a high risk of developing postoperative complications, but sometimes this method of surgical intervention is the only way to relieve the patient's condition and eliminate the consequences of the severe course of prostatitis.

Other methods of treatment of chronic prostatitis

Other methods of treatment in a chronic way of prostatitis include:

1. Hirudotherapy - or leech treatment. Medical leeches are installed in the inflammation zone, which in the process of their actions is released with saliva substance that places blood in order, which eliminates stagnant phenomena and quickly relieves the inflammatory process. The leeches are used only special, doctors, individual for each patient. After the procedure, the doctor puts the leech used in a desject in which she dies. It is ideal to pass at least 5 hirudotherapy courses.
2. Cryodestruction - Liquid nitrogen is used. This method of treatment is shown to patients that are poorly provided to drug therapy and the operation is against -Indicated for some reason.
3. Microwave therapy in a special way - electromagnetic waves affect the prostate gland. After 1 procedure, tissue edema decreases, blood circulation is normalized and stagnation is eliminated. After conducting the course of electromagnetic therapy, the patient completely restores urination and erectile function.
4. Ultrasound wave treatment - allows you to quickly interrupt the inflammatory process that occurs in the remission phase, and ultrasound therapy is not performed during exacerbation. To improve the therapeutic effect, drugs can be used additionally, which, under the influence of ultrasound, penetrate directly on prostate tissue.
5. URETRA STENING - The essence of the procedure is to install a special stent on the urethra, which expands the urethra lumen and promotes normal urinary output. Despite the effectiveness of the procedure, the urethra stent only eliminates clinical symptoms of prostatitis, but does not save the patient from the chronic inflammatory process.

Consequences and complications

In the absence of qualified therapy, prostatitis progresses rapidly, enters the chronic form of the current and threatens the health of a man with his serious complications, including:

• Urolithiasis;
• pyelonephritis;
• abscess development;
• The propagation of the inflammatory process for seed testicles and strings, which leads to infertility;
• Erectile dysfunction and impotence;
• Necrotic changes in prostate gland tissues.

Sometimes, for a long time, prostatitis and chronic stagnant processes give a boost to the degeneration of the disease in the adenoma and then by prostate cancer.